Bakeng sa litsebi tsa indasteri ea lik'hemik'hale le basebetsi ba kalafo ea metsi a litšila, caustic soda e sebetsa hantle haholo ebile e theko e tlase. E nolofalletsa ho lokisa pH ka potlako, ho na ha tšepe e boima, le ho hola ha ho kopana ha metsi le ho phaphamala ha metsi. Leha ho le joalo, mathata a tloaelehileng a kenyelletsa tekanyo e sa lokelang (ebang ha e lekane kapa e feteletseng) le mekhoa e fosahetseng ea ho qhibiliha e lebisang ho kopaneng kapa ho se phethahale ha lintho. Mekhoa e latelang e sebetsang e sebetsana le liphephetso tsena.
Ho Lokisetsa Pele ho Ts'ebetso - Mehato e Meraro ea Bohlokoa
- Tlhahlobo ea Metsi a Litšila: Lekanya pH, COD, mahloriso a tšepe e boima, le liparamente tse ling tse amehang. Tekanyo e hlokahalang ea caustic soda e itšetlehile ka asiti ea metsi a litšila le mojaro oa tšilafalo. Tlhahlobo e thibela tekanyo e sa lekaneng (ho se latele melao) le tekanyo e feteletseng (litšenyehelo tse feteletseng le tšilafalo ea bobeli).
- Khetho ea Caustic Soda: Bakeng sa kalafo ea metsi a litšila ka kakaretso, bohloeki ba 96% kapa 98% bo lekane. Bakeng sa metsi a litšila a lik'hemik'hale a nepahetseng a hlokang boleng bo phahameng ba metsi a litšila, bohloeki ba 99%+ bo ka sebelisoa, leha ho le joalo ka litšenyehelo tse phahameng.
- Lisebelisoa tsa Tšireletso ea Motho ka Mong (PPE): Apara liatlana tsa rabara, likhalase tsa lik'hemik'hale, liaparo tse sireletsang, le sesebelisoa sa ho hema. Etsa bonnete ba hore moea o kenella hantle 'me u be le metsi a ho hlatsoa a tšohanyetso.
Mokhoa o Nepahetseng oa ho Qhibiliha
Latela molao-motheo oa "ho eketsa butle, ho hlohlelletsa, ho pholisa".
- Setshelo sa ho Qhibiliha: Sebelisa lijana tsa polasetiki kapa tsa letsopa feela. Le ka mohla u se ke ua sebelisa lijana tsa tšepe, kaha tharollo ea alkaline e tla li senya.
- Bongata ba Metsi: Sebelisa karolelano ea hoo e ka bang karolo e le 'ngoe ea caustic soda ho likarolo tse 10-20 tsa metsi.
- Mokhoa: Kenya caustic soda butle-butle le butle-butle metsing ha o ntse o hlohlelletsa khafetsa. Le ka mohla u se ke ua eketsa metsi ho caustic soda, kaha sena se ka baka liketso tse mabifi le ho fafatsa.
- Ho Sebetsana le Mocheso: Mocheso o moholo o lokolloa nakong ea ho qhibiliha. Lumella motsoako hore o pholile mochesong oa kamore pele o sebelisoa.
Mekhoa ea Bohlokoa - Tekanyo le Mokhoa oa ho Eketsa
- Khakanyo ea Tekanyo: E le referense e akaretsang, 5-8 g ea caustic soda ka mithara ea li-cubic ea metsi a litšila e eketsa pH ka yuniti e le 'ngoe. Leha ho le joalo, kamehla etsa teko ea nkho: nka sampole e nyane ea metsi a litšila, eketsa litekanyo tse fapaneng tsa tharollo ea caustic soda, 'me u lekanye pH e hlahang ho fumana tekanyo e nepahetseng ea ho fihlela pH e reriloeng ea 7-8.
- Tšepe e Boima e Teng: Haeba metsi a litšila a na le litšepe tse boima (mohlala, koporo, tšepe, loto), tekanyo e phahameng e ka hlokahala ho etsa li-hydroxide tse sa qhibiliheng. Fetola teko ea nkho ka ho latela 'me u lekanye mahloriso a tšepe a setseng.
- Mokhoa oa ho Eketsa: Kenya tharollo ea caustic soda e lokisitsoeng butle le ka ho lekana ka tankeng ea phekolo ha u ntse u kopanya. Kamora ho eketsa, tsoela pele ho kopanya metsotso e 10-15, ebe u lumella hore e tsitse.
Malebela le Litlhokomelo tsa ho Boloka Litšenyehelo
- Sebelisa soda e hloekileng ea 96% bakeng sa lits'ebetso tse ngata; bohloeki bo phahameng ha bo hlokahale hangata.
- Kopanya le di-coagulant (mohlala, polyaluminum chloride, polyacrylamide) ho ntlafatsa ho phaphamala ha metsi le ho fokotsa tshebediso ya caustic soda.
- O se ke wa eketsa caustic soda ka nako e le nngwe le dintho tse nang le asiti (mohlala, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid). Haeba ka bobedi di hlokahala, dumella dihora tse 1-2 pakeng tsa ho eketsa.
- Lekola pH khafetsa nakong ea tekanyo 'me u lokise ha ho hlokahala.
- Phekola tharollo e setseng ea caustic soda ka ho e nolofatsa pele e lahloa ho latela melao ea tikoloho.
Nako ea poso: Mmesa-27-2026
